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(Model.)

G. B. SNOW & I. SEAMANS.. Burner,for'C'r'uciblefurnacgs.

No. 227,852. .Patented May is. 188:0.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.'

GEORGE B. SNOW AND IRV'ING M. SEAMANS, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORSTO BUFFALO DENTAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF

SAME PLACE.

BURNER FOR CRUClBLE-FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Patent No. 227,852, dated May 18,1880.

applicati@ fumi March 2,1890. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE B. SNOW and IRVING M. SEAMANS, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie andStateof New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Burnersfor Crucible-Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to furnaces for producing high temperatures by thecombustion of ordinary gas, the necessaryadmixture of air being attainedby the draft of al chimney.

The object of our invention is to provide an improved pattern ot burnerfor such furnaces, in which the gas and air shall be intimately mixed insuch proportions as to secure a quick and perfect combustion, thusproducing a high temperature with an economical use ot' gas, the burnerbeing at the same Atime so con structed as to be easily taken apart forrepairs or renewal of parts.

The improvement consists in forming the burner ot' a series ofconcentric tubes connected at their bases with annular gas-compartments,that communicate with each other andwith the gas-supply pipe, soarranged as to leave air-spaces alternately with the said spaces thatsupply the gas or mixture of gas and air, as will hereinafter more fullyappear.

The improvement further consists in forming each one of the series ofconcentric tubes and its annularI gas-compartment rim or base inseparateparts, held together by bolts passing through openings in theannular rims at suitable distances apart, which openings also serve toconnect their interior with each other, so that the burner may bereadily disjointed by removing the bolt.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of ourimproved burner with the furnace removed; Fig. 2, a central verticalsection through the same with the furnace and its connections in place.

The burner is formed of the sections A, B, G, D, andE. The section A isthe lower one of the series, and forms a circular chamber, connected at4its side or periphery with tubes F G, operating similarly to a Bunsenburner,

of the nozzle g and tube G, and an openingin the tube G around thenozzle g admits air to the interior of the tube to be mixed with thegas.

. The top of the chamber A is connected to and communicates with theinterior ot' the vertical tube A that extends upward to the tip origniting end of the burner. The top of the chamber A is also providedwith a suitable number of openin gs, a a a, through which the V boltspass to hold the sections together, and through which the mixed air andgas. may pass into the annular chambers and concentric burner-tubes ofthe series.

`The burner-sections B U D are of similar construction. The section B,for instance, has its annular gas-chamber B' and central vertical tube,B2, arranged around and concentric with the tube A of the chamber A, soas to leave an air-space between them, and has a number of shortrtubes,b b b, connecting with its top and bottom plates, arranged around therims or the chambers, one above the other, so that the uniting-bolts maypass through each of them,and allow the gas and air to pass into each ofthe chambers. j

The top and bottom plates of the chambers B, O, and D are madeseparately, so that they may be separated for the easy removalot metalwhich may be accidentally spilled when'melted. They may,however, it'preferred, be permanently united at their edges.

The section O is provided with similar tube C', encircling the tube B2,and short tubes c c c, iitting over or telescoping into the tubes b b bof the section B and over tubes d d d of the section D. The section D isonly provided with small tubes d d d on the under side inv order thatthe gas may not pass through into the air-chamber above.

The central tube, D', ofthe section D is similar to the others of theseries.

Bolts H H H pass through all of the short tubes of the annular bases A BC D, and through the top plate of the chamber D and the bottom plate ofthe chamber A, and hold the sections securely together between the headsand nuts of the bolts.

The short tubes 12,0, and d serve to hold the annular chamber A, B, C,and D at suitable distances apart to leave air-spaces, which communicatewith the annular air-spaces around and between the vertical tubes A',B2, C', and D, so that free circulation of air may pass upward aroundthe gas-tubes and be supplied to the iame at and around the mouths ofthev vertical burner-tubes.

An outer shell, E, having suitable apertures, c c, for air to passthrough it into the air-chamber K, rests upon and rts Closely around therim of the annular base D of the upper chamber, so that it lnay be heldfirmly in place. The top plate, E', of the shell has a Circular opening,through which passes the tube D' of the section D, so that sufficientair-space is left to admit air from the chamber K. to the flame endsofthe buruer-tubes The furnace L rests upon the top plate of the shellE, and may be formed ot' an outer cylinder, L, cover L', and base L2,which are preferably formed of fire-clay. The base L2 is dome-shaped tosupport the Crucible M, and suitably perforated to allow the flame tostrike against the bottom of the crucible and pass up into the furnace.

A plumbago cylindrical shell, N, open at both ends and having its baseofsmaller diameter than its top, surrounds the Crucible, so that the flameis kept in contact with, the sides of the crucible from its base to itstop. The flame is then deflected by striking against the lid L', and,turning downward, leaves the furnace by the chimney O, communicatingwith the lower part of the furnace shell or cylinder L.

rlhe chimney is provided with a suitable peep-hole, 0,.through which theflame may be observed from outside the furnace, andregulated so that itwill reach to the base ot the chimney and not pass up into it.

The lid L' isprovided with suitable handles L3, made of non-conductingmaterial', and with an opening` and cover, L4, for convenience inexamining work.

A furnace and burner constructed upon the above principles will meltcast-iron in less than an hour from the time the gas is first lighted,or silver or gold in half the time, without the slightest trouble orattention. The whole burner is constructed of iron, and will be founddurable, quick in operation, and fully able to stand an intense heat.

In case metal should be spilled into the burner it can be easily takenapart for its removal. The burner may be taken apart by removing thesheet-iron shell E and unscrewing the three bolts H I-I H, after whichthe parts of the burner can be easily separated.

In putting the burner together care should be taken to get the circularopening or short tubes through which the bolts pass close with eachother, as they serve to conduct the gas from one section to the other. v

What we claim is- 1. The Inultiple Argand burner formed of a series ofconcentric tubes provided with annular bases communicating with eachother, and

having a separate air-space between each base and tube ofthe series, incombination with an air and gas supply tube communicating with theinterior ofthe burner bases and tubes, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

2. The multiple Argand burner for Cruciblefurnaces, formed of a seriesof concentric tubes and overlying bases, furnishing air-spacesalternating with such bases, andan upper perforated shell surroundingthe nest of tubes and resting upon the upper base ofthe series, formingan air-space around the burner-tubes, to supply additional air to theflame end of the burner, substantially as described.

3. The multiple Argand burner for Cruciblefurnaces, formed of thesectional shells and tubing connected with each other by short tubesthat hold the shells a suitable distance apart, and secured together bybolts passing through the short connecting-tubes and the top and bottomplates of the series, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE B. SNOW. IRVING M. SEAMANS.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM GRAM, Jr., CHARLES ROCH-1ER.

